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Ionic‐Liquid‐Functionalized Polyoxometalates for Heterogeneously Catalyzing the Aerobic Oxidation of Benzene to Phenol: Raising Efficacy through Specific Design
Author(s) -
Long Zhouyang,
Zhou Yu,
Ge Weilin,
Chen Guojian,
Xie Jingyan,
Wang Qian,
Wang Jun
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
chempluschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.801
H-Index - 61
ISSN - 2192-6506
DOI - 10.1002/cplu.201402186
Subject(s) - polyoxometalate , ionic liquid , chemistry , catalysis , inorganic chemistry , phenol , benzene , infrared spectroscopy , desorption , adsorption , organic chemistry
By combining nitrile‐tethered pyridinium‐based ionic liquid dication with the polyoxometalate anion of Keggin H 5 PMo 10 V 2 O 40 (PMoV 2 ) through precipitation in aqueous solution, an organic–inorganic hybrid catalyst 1,1′‐(butane‐1,4‐diyl)‐bis(3‐cyanopyridine)–PMoV 2 was prepared for heterogeneous hydroxylation of benzene to phenol with O 2 and ascorbic acid as the oxidant and reductant, respectively. The hybrid catalyst not only gave the high phenol yield of 13.0 % under the optimized reaction conditions, but also exhibited high potential for reusability. The catalyst and its analogue samples were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron spin resonance spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption–desorption analysis. The structure–activity relationship is discussed according to the characterization and density functional theory calculation results.