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Regioselective Nitration of Aromatics with Nanomagnetic Solid Superacid SO 4 2− /ZrO 2 ‐M x O y ‐Fe 3 O 4 and Its Theoretical Studies
Author(s) -
Wang Peng Cheng,
Zhu Jie,
Liu Xiang,
Lu Ting Ting,
Lu Ming
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
chempluschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.801
H-Index - 61
ISSN - 2192-6506
DOI - 10.1002/cplu.201300001
Subject(s) - chlorobenzene , superacid , nitration , catalysis , regioselectivity , transition metal , inorganic chemistry , benzene , chemistry , materials science , organic chemistry
A series of micro‐ and nanosulfated zirconia loaded on Fe 3 O 4 or other metal oxides (SO 4 2− /ZrO 2 ‐M x O y ‐Fe 3 O 4 (M=Ti 4+ , V 5+ , and Zn 2+ )) was prepared, characterized, and used in nitration. The nitration conditions with these solid superacids were then optimized to achieve the best regioselectivity and improve the performances of the catalysts as well. In the experimental results, SZTF (SO 4 2− /ZrO 2 ‐TiO 2 ‐Fe 3 O 4 ) showed excellent catalytic activity and it increased the surface area of SO 4 2− /ZrO 2 by up to 15 %. The increase not only facilitated the generation of NO 2 + , but also provided more opportunities for metal ions to interact with aromatic compounds. With chlorobenzene as substrate, theoretical research on its geometric parameters, electron clouds, and electron spin density was used to investigate the interaction between transition metals and chlorobenzene.