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Construction and Properties of Sierpiński Triangular Fractals on Surfaces
Author(s) -
Wang Yifan,
Xue Na,
Li Ruoning,
Wu Tianhao,
Li Na,
Hou Shimin,
Wang Yongfeng
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemphyschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.016
H-Index - 140
eISSN - 1439-7641
pISSN - 1439-4235
DOI - 10.1002/cphc.201900258
Subject(s) - fractal , sierpinski triangle , hydrogen bond , covalent bond , chemical physics , scanning tunneling microscope , materials science , halogen , nanotechnology , crystallography , molecule , chemistry , physics , mathematics , quantum mechanics , mathematical analysis , alkyl , organic chemistry
Fractal structures are of fundamental importance in science, engineering, mathematics, and aesthetics. Construction of molecular fractals on surfaces can help to understand the formation mechanism of fractals and a series of achievements have been acquired in the preparation of molecular fractals. This review focuses on Sierpiński triangles (STs), representatives of various prototypical fractals, on surfaces. They are investigated by Monte Carlo simulations and ultra‐high vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy. STs are bonded through halogen bonds, hydrogen bonds, metal‐organic coordination bonds and covalent bonds. The coexistence of and competition between fractals and crystals are realized for a hydrogen‐bonded system. Electronic properties of two types of STs are summarized.