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Characterization of Brain Metabolism by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Author(s) -
Downes Daniel P.,
Collins James H. P.,
Lama Bimala,
Zeng Huadong,
Nguyen Tan,
Keller Gabrielle,
Febo Marcelo,
Long Joanna R.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemphyschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.016
H-Index - 140
eISSN - 1439-7641
pISSN - 1439-4235
DOI - 10.1002/cphc.201800917
Subject(s) - nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , metabolite , nuclear magnetic resonance , in vivo , ex vivo , chemistry , hyperpolarization (physics) , spectroscopy , cellular metabolism , metabolism , biophysics , biochemistry , biology , in vitro , physics , microbiology and biotechnology , quantum mechanics
The noninvasive, quantitative ability of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to characterize small molecule metabolites has long been recognized as a major strength of its application in biology. Numerous techniques exist for characterizing metabolism in living, excised, or extracted tissue, with a particular focus on 1 H‐based methods due to the high sensitivity and natural abundance of protons. With the increasing use of high magnetic fields, the utility of in vivo 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has markedly improved for measuring specific metabolite concentrations in biological tissues. Higher fields, coupled with recent developments in hyperpolarization, also enable techniques for complimenting 1 H measurements with spectroscopy of other nuclei, such as 31 P and 13 C, and for combining measurements of metabolite pools with metabolic flux measurements. We compare ex vivo and in vivo methods for studying metabolism in the brain using NMR and highlight insights gained through using higher magnetic fields, the advent of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization, and combining in vivo MRS and ex vivo NMR approaches.