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Controlling the Outgrowth and Functions of Neural Stem Cells: The Effect of Surface Topography
Author(s) -
Simitzi Chara,
Karali Kanelina,
Ranella Anthi,
Stratakis Emmanuel
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
chemphyschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.016
H-Index - 140
eISSN - 1439-7641
pISSN - 1439-4235
DOI - 10.1002/cphc.201701175
Subject(s) - neural stem cell , neuroscience , niche , biology , embryonic stem cell , neural cell , stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , cell , ecology , biochemistry , gene
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self‐renewing cells that generate the major cell types of the central nervous system, namely neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, during embryonic development and in the adult brain. NSCs reside in a complex niche where they are exposed to a plethora of signals, including both soluble and physical signals such as compressive and shear stresses, but also discontinuities and differences in morphology of the extracellular environment, termed as topographical features. Different approaches that incorporate artificial micro‐ and nano‐scale surface topographical features have been developed aiming to recapitulate the in vivo NSC niche discontinuities and features, particularly for in vitro studies. The present review article aims at reviewing the existing body of literature on the use of artificial micro‐ and nano‐topographical features to control NSCs orientation and differentiation into neuronal and/or neuroglial lineage. The different approaches on the study of the underlying mechanism of the topography‐guided NSC responses are additionally revised and discussed.