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Temporal Stability of Metal‐Chloride‐Doped Chemical‐Vapour‐Deposited Graphene
Author(s) -
Kang Moon H.,
Milne William I.,
Cole Matthew T.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chemphyschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.016
H-Index - 140
eISSN - 1439-7641
pISSN - 1439-4235
DOI - 10.1002/cphc.201600260
Subject(s) - graphene , doping , dopant , materials science , sheet resistance , desorption , chemical vapor deposition , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemical engineering , nanotechnology , chemistry , optoelectronics , adsorption , organic chemistry , layer (electronics) , engineering
Graphene has proven to be a promising material for transparent flexible electronics.[1][, ] In this study, we report the development of a transfer and doping scheme of large‐area chemical vapour deposited (CVD) graphene. A technique to transfer the as‐grown material onto mechanically flexible and optically transparent polymeric substrates using an ultraviolet adhesive (UVA) is outlined, along with the temporal stability of the sheet resistance and optical transparency following chemical doping with various metal chlorides (M x Cl y The sheet resistance ( R S ) and 550 nm optical transparency (% T 550 ) of the transferred un‐doped graphene was 3.5 kΩ sq −1 (±0.2 kΩ sq −1 ) and 84.1 % (±2.9 %), respectively. Doping with AuCl 3 showed a notable reduction in R S by some 71.4 % (to 0.93 kΩ sq −1 ) with a corresponding % T 550 of 77.0 %. After 200 h exposure to air at standard temperature and pressure, the increase in R S was found to be negligible (Δ R S AuCl 3 =0.06 kΩ sq −1 ), indicating that, of the considered M x Cl y species, AuCl 3 doping offered the highest degree of time stability under ambient conditions. There appears a tendency of increasing R S with time for the remaining metal chlorides studied. We attribute the observed temporal shift to desorption of molecular dopants. We find that desorption was most significant in RhCl 3 ‐doped samples whereas, in contrast, after 200 h in ambient conditions, AuCl 3 ‐doped graphene showed only marginal desorption. The results of this study demonstrate that chemical doping of UVA‐transferred graphene is a promising means for enhancing large‐area CVD graphene in order to realise a viable platform for next‐generation optically transparent and mechanically flexible electronics.