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Temperature Dependence of Surface Nanobubbles
Author(s) -
Berkelaar Robin P.,
Seddon James R. T.,
Zandvliet Harold J. W.,
Lohse Detlef
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
chemphyschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.016
H-Index - 140
eISSN - 1439-7641
pISSN - 1439-4235
DOI - 10.1002/cphc.201100808
Subject(s) - ostwald ripening , chemical physics , atomic force microscopy , substrate (aquarium) , shrinkage , nanotechnology , volume (thermodynamics) , materials science , surface (topology) , chemistry , chemical engineering , thermodynamics , composite material , geometry , oceanography , physics , mathematics , engineering , geology
The temperature dependence of nanobubbles was investigated experimentally using atomic force microscopy. By scanning the same area of the surface at temperatures from 51 °C to 25 °C it was possible to track geometrical changes of individual nanobubbles as the temperature was decreased. Interestingly, nanobubbles of the same size react differently to this temperature change; some grow whilst others shrink. This effect cannot be attributed to Ostwald ripening, since the growth and shrinkage of nanobubbles appears to occur in distinct patches on the substrate. The total nanobubble volume per unit area shows a maximum around 33 °C, which is comparable with literature where experiments were carried out with increasing temperature. This underlines the stability of surface nanobubbles.