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Spectroelectrochemistry of Carbon Nanostructures
Author(s) -
Kavan Ladislav,
Dunsch Lothar
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
chemphyschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.016
H-Index - 140
eISSN - 1439-7641
pISSN - 1439-4235
DOI - 10.1002/cphc.200700081
Subject(s) - raman spectroscopy , fullerene , carbon nanotube , raman scattering , materials science , resonance (particle physics) , photochemistry , graphene , chemistry , nanotechnology , atomic physics , optics , organic chemistry , physics
This review is focused on charge‐transfer reactions at carbon nanotubes and fullerenes. The spectroelectrochemistry of fullerenes deals with the spin states of fullerenes, the role of mono‐anions and the reactivity of higher charged states in C 60 . The optical (Vis–NIR) spectroelectrochemistry of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) follows changes in the allowed optical transitions among the Van Hove singularities. The Raman spectroelectrochemistry of SWNT benefits from strong resonance enhancement of the Raman scattering. Here, both semiconducting and metallic SWNTs are analyzed using the radial breathing mode (RBM) and G‐modes as well as the second order (D, G′) and intermediate frequency modes. Raman spectroelectrochemistry of SWNT allows the addressing of index‐identified tubes and even single isolated nanotubes. Optical and Raman spectroelectrochemistry of fullerene peapods, C 60 @SWNT and C 70 @SWNT indicates effective shielding of the intratubular fullerene (peas). The most striking effect in the spectroelectrochemistry of peapods is the so‐called “anodic Raman enhancement” of intratubular C 60 . Double‐walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) give a specific spectroscopic response in Vis–NIR spectroelectrochemistry for the inner and the outer tube. They are better distinguishable by Raman spectroelectrochemistry which allows a preci s e tracing of the specific doping response of outer/inner tubes.