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Singlet Energy Transfer as the Main Pathway in the Sensitization of Near‐Infrared Nd 3+ Luminescence by Dansyl and Lissamine Dyes
Author(s) -
Hebbink Gerald A.,
Klink Stephen I.,
Grave Lennart,
Oude Alink Patrick G. B.,
van Veggel Frank C. J. M.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
chemphyschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.016
H-Index - 140
eISSN - 1439-7641
pISSN - 1439-4235
DOI - 10.1002/cphc.200290002
Subject(s) - photochemistry , fluorescence , chemistry , singlet state , lanthanide , singlet oxygen , excited state , luminescence , ion , energy transfer , triplet state , phosphorescence , materials science , molecule , chemical physics , atomic physics , optoelectronics , organic chemistry , optics , physics , oxygen
In general, sensitization of lanthanide( III ) ions by organic sensitizers is regarded to take place via the triplet state of the sensitizers. Herein, we show that in dansyl‐ and lissamine‐functionalized Nd 3+ complexes energy transfer occurs from the singlet state of the sensitizers to the Nd 3+ center. No sensitized emission was observed in the corresponding complexes with Er 3+ , Yb 3+ , and Gd 3+ ions. Furthermore, the fluorescence of the sensitizers was quenched only in the Nd 3+ complex and not in the complexes with the other ions. Only Nd 3+ centers can accept energy from the singlet state of the dyes, because the excited states of Nd 3+ have a high spectral overlap with the fluorescence of the dansyl and lissamine sensitizers, and because the selection rules allow a fast energy transfer, which apparently is competitive with the fluorescence.