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Strong Asymptotics of the Orthogonal Polynomials with Respect to a Measure Supported on the Plane
Author(s) -
Balogh Ferenc,
Bertola Marco,
Lee SeungYeop,
Mclaughlin Kenneth D. TR
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
communications on pure and applied mathematics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.12
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1097-0312
pISSN - 0010-3640
DOI - 10.1002/cpa.21541
Subject(s) - mathematics , orthogonal polynomials , measure (data warehouse) , complex plane , mehler–heine formula , mathematical analysis , probability measure , scaling limit , logarithm , polynomial , jacobi polynomials , real line , scaling , classical orthogonal polynomials , gegenbauer polynomials , geometry , computer science , database
We consider the orthogonal polynomials{P n ( z )}with respect to the measure| z − a |2 N ce − N| z | 2d A ( z )over the whole complex plane. We obtain the strong asymptotic of the orthogonal polynomials in the complex plane and the location of their zeros in a scaling limit where n grows to infinity with N . The asymptotics are described in terms of three (probability) measures associated with the problem. The first measure is the limit of the counting measure of zeros of the polynomials, which is captured by the g ‐function much in the spirit of ordinary orthogonal polynomials on the real line. The second measure is the equilibrium measure that minimizes a certain logarithmic potential energy, supported on a region K of the complex plane. The third measure is the harmonic measure of K c with a pole at ∞ . This appears as the limit of the probability measure given (up to the normalization constant) by the squared modulus of the n th orthogonal polynomial times the orthogonality measure, i.e.,|P n ( z )| 2| z − a |2 N ce − N| z | 2d A ( z ) .The compact region K that is the support of the second measure undergoes a topological transition under the variation of the parameter t = n / N ;in a double scaling limit near the critical point given byt c = a ( a + 2 c ) ,we observe the Hastings‐McLeod solution to Painlevé II in the asymptotics of the orthogonal polynomials. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.