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Neurochemical coding of enteric neurons in adult and embryonic zebrafish ( Danio rerio )
Author(s) -
Uyttebroek Leen,
Shepherd Iain T.,
Harrisson Fernand,
Hubens Guy,
Blust Ronny,
Timmermans JeanPierre,
Van Nassauw Luc
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of comparative neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.855
H-Index - 209
eISSN - 1096-9861
pISSN - 0021-9967
DOI - 10.1002/cne.22464
Subject(s) - enteric nervous system , biology , calretinin , vasoactive intestinal peptide , choline acetyltransferase , calbindin , submucous plexus , neurochemical , serotonergic , cholinergic , endocrinology , medicine , cholinergic neuron , zebrafish , myenteric plexus , neuropeptide , serotonin , immunohistochemistry , immunology , biochemistry , receptor , gene
Although the morphology and development of the zebrafish enteric nervous system have been extensively studied, the precise neurochemical coding of enteric neurons and their proportional enteric distribution are currently not known. By using immunohistochemistry, we determined the proportional expression and coexpression of neurochemical markers in the embryonic and adult zebrafish intestine. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating peptide (PACAP) were observed only in nerve fibers, whereas other markers were also detected in neuronal cell bodies. Calretinin and calbindin had similar distributions. In embryos, all markers, except for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and TH, were present from 72 hours postfertilization. Nitrergic neurons, evenly distributed and remaining constant in time, constituted the major neuronal subpopulation. The neuronal proportions of the other markers increased during development and were characterized by regional differences. In the adult, all markers examined were expressed in the enteric nervous system. A large percentage of enteric neurons displayed calbindin and calretinin, and serotonin was the only marker showing significant distribution differences in the three intestinal regions. Colocalization studies showed that serotonin was not coexpressed with any of the other markers. At least five neuronal subpopulations were determined: a serotonergic, a nitrergic noncholinergic, two cholinergic nonnitrergic subpopulations along with one subpopulation expressing both ChAT and neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Analysis of nerve fibers revealed that nitrergic neurons coexpress VIP and PACAP, and that nitrergic neurons innervate the tunica muscularis, whereas serotonergic and cholinergic nonnitrergic neurons innervate the lamina propria and the tunica muscularis. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:4419–4438, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.