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Immunotherapy and radiation therapy sequencing: State of the data on timing, efficacy, and safety
Author(s) -
Williamson Casey W.,
Sherer Michael V.,
Zamarin Dmitriy,
Sharabi Andrew B.,
Dyer Brandon A.,
Mell Loren K.,
Mayadev Jyoti S.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.33424
Subject(s) - medicine , immunotherapy , immune checkpoint , blockade , radiation therapy , food and drug administration , immune system , cancer , immunology , pharmacology , receptor
Radiation therapy exerts a tumoricidal local effect as well as both local and systemic immunomodulation. Immune checkpoint blockade has become a widely used treatment modality across cancer types with a rapidly growing list of agents and US Food and Drug Administration‐approved indications. Moreover, there may be synergy between radiation therapy and immune checkpoint blockade. Various strategies have been used, but the optimal sequencing of these therapies is unclear. In this review, the authors discuss the major mechanisms of available immune checkpoint inhibitors and explore the available preclinical and clinical evidence regarding treatment sequencing. They also review safety considerations and conclude with possible future directions.