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Clinical effects and applications of the gut microbiome in hematologic malignancies
Author(s) -
D’Angelo Christopher R.,
Sudakaran Sailendharan,
Callander Natalie S.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.33400
Subject(s) - microbiome , medicine , immunology , transplantation , hematopoietic stem cell transplantation , multiple myeloma , gut flora , lymphoma , leukemia , hematologic disorders , gut microbiome , biomarker , stem cell , cancer , bioinformatics , biology , genetics , biochemistry
The gut microbiome and its effects on host immunity have exciting implications for cancer prognosis and therapy. Examples in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT) demonstrate the role of the gut microbiome as a biomarker for clinical outcomes, and animal models demonstrate how microbiota manipulation may augment therapeutic responses. There are multiple mechanisms that gut microbiota may have in affecting distant tumor environments, including control of cytokine release, dendritic cell activation, and T‐cell lymphocyte stimulation. Recently, there has been a marked interest in understanding interactions between host and microbiome in hematologic malignancies. This review summarizes the current understanding of the gut microbiome and its impact on leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and allo‐SCT and highlights several broad methods for targeting the gut microbiome in therapeutic trials.