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Minimal residual disease–based long‐term efficacy of reduced‐intensity conditioning versus myeloablative conditioning for adult Philadelphia‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Author(s) -
Yoon JaeHo,
Min Gi June,
Park SungSoo,
Jeon YoungWoo,
Lee SungEun,
Cho ByungSik,
Eom KiSeong,
Kim YooJin,
Kim HeeJe,
Min ChangKi,
Cho SeokGoo,
Kim DongWook,
Lee Jong Wook,
Lee Seok
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.31874
Subject(s) - medicine , conditioning , minimal residual disease , lymphoblastic leukemia , term (time) , oncology , leukemia , pediatrics , statistics , physics , mathematics , quantum mechanics
Background The sensitivity of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) versus myeloablative conditioning (MAC) allogeneic HCT by minimal residual disease (MRD) kinetics is not well established. Methods This study compared long‐term outcomes based on MRD kinetics for 79 patients with RIC transplants and 116 patients with MAC transplants in first complete remission (CR1) after tyrosine kinase inhibitor–based chemotherapy (median follow‐up, 67.1 months). MRD monitoring was centrally evaluated by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction for all patients. Results RIC showed a cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR; 30.6% vs 31.7%), nonrelapse mortality (17.5% vs 14.9%), disease‐free survival (DFS; 51.9% vs 53.4%), and overall survival (61.1% vs 61.4%) comparable to those associated with MAC. In all MRD kinetics–based subgroups, no differences in CIR (early complete molecular response [CMR], 19.3% vs 4.8%; early major molecular response [MMR], 17.0% vs 26.8%; late CMR, 20.0% vs 14.3%; late MMR, 28.3% vs 31.0%; poor molecular response [PMR], 57.9% vs 62.4%) or DFS (early CMR, 71.6% vs 76.2%; early MMR, 66.9% vs 52.1%; late CMR, 50.0% vs 64.3%; late MMR, 50.7% vs 53.7%; PMR, 31.6% vs 34.1%) were observed between RIC and MAC. In a multivariate analysis, the conditioning intensity had no significant impact on transplantation outcomes. Conclusions RIC is a valid alternative choice for long‐term disease control and is worthy of further investigation in prospective trials for adult Ph‐positive ALL in CR1.