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The clinical implications of immunogenomics in colorectal cancer: A path for precision medicine
Author(s) -
Riley Jenny M.,
Cross Ashley W.,
Paulos Chrystal M.,
Rubinstein Mark P.,
Wrangle John,
Camp E. Ramsay
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.31214
Subject(s) - medicine , colorectal cancer , microsatellite instability , cancer , pembrolizumab , tumor microenvironment , nivolumab , precision medicine , malignancy , disease , oncology , immunotherapy , bioinformatics , pathology , biology , genetics , allele , microsatellite , gene
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most common malignancy and the second‐leading cause of cancer‐related deaths in the United States. Large multi‐omic databases, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas and the International Colorectal Cancer Subtyping Consortium, have identified distinct molecular subtypes related to anatomy. The identification of genomic alterations in CRC is now critical because of the recent success and US Food and Drug Administration approval of pembrolizumab and nivolumab for microsatellite‐instable tumors. In parallel, landmark studies have established the prognostic significance of the CRC tumor‐infiltrating lymphocyte and the clinical impact of the tumor immune microenvironment. As a result, there is a growing appreciation for immunogenomics, the interconnected relation between tumor genomics and the immune microenvironment. The clinical implications of CRC immunogenomics continue to expand, and it will likely serve as a guide for next‐generation immunotherapy strategies for improving outcomes for this disease. Cancer 2018;124:1650‐9 . © 2018 American Cancer Society