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Drug development for breast, colorectal, and non–small cell lung cancers from 1979 to 2014
Author(s) -
Nixon Nancy A.,
Khan Omar F.,
Imam Hasiba,
Tang Patricia A.,
Monzon Jose,
Li Haocheng,
Sun Gavin,
Ezeife Doreen,
Parimi Sunil,
Dowden Scot,
Tam Vincent C.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.30919
Subject(s) - medicine , breast cancer , colorectal cancer , oncology , lung cancer , cancer , clinical trial , drug development , drug , pharmacology
BACKGROUND Understanding the drug development pathway is critical for streamlining the development of effective cancer treatments. The objective of the current study was to delineate the drug development timeline and attrition rate of different drug classes for common cancer disease sites. METHODS Drugs entering clinical trials for breast, colorectal, and non–small cell lung cancer were identified using a pharmaceutical business intelligence database. Data regarding drug characteristics, clinical trials, and approval dates were obtained from the database, clinical trial registries, PubMed, and regulatory Web sites. RESULTS A total of 411 drugs met the inclusion criteria for breast cancer, 246 drugs met the inclusion criteria for colorectal cancer, and 315 drugs met the inclusion criteria for non–small cell lung cancer. Attrition rates were 83.9% for breast cancer, 87.0% for colorectal cancer, and 92.0% for non–small cell lung cancer drugs. In the case of non–small cell lung cancer, there was a trend toward higher attrition rates for targeted monoclonal antibodies compared with other agents. No tumor site‐specific differences were noted with regard to cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunomodulatory, or small molecule kinase inhibitor drugs. Drugs classified as “others” in breast cancer had lower attrition rates, primarily due to the higher success of hormonal medications. Mean drug development times were 8.9 years for breast cancer, 6.7 years for colorectal cancer, and 6.6 years for non–small cell lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS Overall oncologic drug attrition rates remain high, and drugs are more likely to fail in later‐stage clinical trials. The refinement of early‐phase trial design may permit the selection of drugs that are more likely to succeed in the phase 3 setting. Cancer 2017;123:4672‐4679 . © 2017 American Cancer Society .