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Cytogenetic clonal evolution in myelodysplastic syndromes is associated with inferior prognosis
Author(s) -
Neukirchen Judith,
Lauseker Michael,
Hildebrandt Barbara,
Nolting AnnChristin,
Kaivers Jennifer,
Kobbe Guido,
Gattermann Norbert,
Haas Rainer,
Germing Ulrich
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.30917
Subject(s) - medicine , hazard ratio , somatic evolution in cancer , myelodysplastic syndromes , oncology , myeloid leukemia , cancer , karyotype , leukemia , myeloid , cohort , proportional hazards model , international prognostic scoring system , bone marrow , chromosome , genetics , biology , gene , confidence interval
BACKGROUND The karyotype of bone marrow cells at the time of diagnosis is a strong prognostic parameter for overall survival as well as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). However, to the authors' knowledge, few data exist regarding the prognostic impact of cytogenetic clonal evolution during the course of MDS. METHODS The authors evaluated follow‐up karyotype analyses in 549 patients from the Dusseldorf MDS Registry. RESULTS Clonal evolution was detectable in 24% of the entire cohort and in 18% of 294 patients receiving best supportive care. The authors noted a clear adverse effect of clonal evolution on the risk of leukemic transformation (hazard ratio, 2.233; P = .036) and overall survival (hazard ratio, 3.677; P <.001). The authors also analyzed the prognostic influence of subclones detectable at the time of diagnosis. Again, such a finding was associated with a significantly shorter overall survival and a higher 5‐year‐probability of acute myeloid leukemia progression (30% vs 22%). CONCLUSIONS The results of the current study support the belief that follow‐up karyotype analyses should be performed, especially in patients with lower‐risk and intermediate‐risk MDS, to identify those patients who are at higher risk of disease progression and therefore might benefit from earlier or more intensive treatment. Cancer 2017;123:4608‐4616 . © 2017 American Cancer Society .