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Efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy for small bowel adenocarcinoma: A propensity score–matched analysis
Author(s) -
Ecker Brett L.,
McMillan Matthew T.,
Datta Jashodeep,
Mamtani Ronac,
Giantonio Bruce J.,
Dempsey Daniel T.,
Fraker Douglas L.,
Drebin Jeffrey A.,
Karakousis Giorgos C.,
Roses Robert E.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.29840
Subject(s) - medicine , hazard ratio , propensity score matching , proportional hazards model , adenocarcinoma , confidence interval , stage (stratigraphy) , cancer , oncology , gastroenterology , surgery , paleontology , biology
BACKGROUND The role of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in the treatment of small bowel adenocarcinoma is poorly defined. Previous analyses have been limited by small sample sizes and have failed to demonstrate a survival advantage. METHODS Patients with resected small bowel adenocarcinoma (American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] pathologic stage I‐III) who were receiving AC (n = 1674) or surgery alone (SA; n = 3072) were identified in the NCDB (1998‐2011). Cox regression identified covariates associated with overall survival (OS). AC and SA cohorts were matched (1:1) by propensity scores based on the likelihood of receiving AC or the survival hazard from Cox modeling. OS was compared with Kaplan‐Meier estimates. RESULTS The omission of AC conferred an increased risk of death (hazard ratio, 1.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.24‐1.50; P < .001). After propensity score matching, there was a nonsignificant trend toward improved OS with AC in AJCC stage I patients (158.8 vs 110.7 months; P = .226) and AJCC stage II patients (104.0 vs 79.6 months; P = .185), including the subset with a T4 tumor classification (64.0 vs 47.4 months; P = .130) or a positive resection margin (44.4 vs 31.0 months; P = .333). Median OS was superior for patients with AJCC stage III disease who were receiving AC versus SA (42.4 vs 26.1 months; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS These data support the use of AC for resected stage III small bowel adenocarcinoma. The trend toward improved OS for patients without nodal metastasis, including those who have T4 tumors or have undergone positive‐margin resection, may justify the use of AC in select patients with earlier stage disease. Cancer 2016;122:693–701. © 2015 American Cancer Society .