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Temporal trends in population‐based death rates associated with chronic liver disease and liver cancer in the United States over the last 30 years
Author(s) -
Kim Yuhree,
Ejaz Aslam,
Tayal Amit,
Spolverato Gaya,
Bridges John F. P.,
Anders Robert A.,
Pawlik Timothy M.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.28843
Subject(s) - medicine , liver cancer , chronic liver disease , population , cancer , liver disease , confidence interval , incidence (geometry) , demography , mortality rate , environmental health , cirrhosis , sociology , physics , optics
BACKGROUND The health and economic burden from liver disease in the United States is substantial and rising. The objective of this study was to characterize temporal trends in mortality from chronic liver disease and liver cancer and the incidence of associated risk factors using population‐based data over the past 30 years. METHODS Population‐based mortality data were obtained from the National Vital Statistics System, and population estimates were derived from the national census for US adults (aged >45 years). Crude death rates (CDRs), age‐adjusted death rates (ADRs), and average annual percentage change (AAPC) statistics were calculated. RESULTS In total, 690,414 deaths (1.1%) were attributable to chronic liver disease, whereas 331,393 deaths (0.5%) were attributable to liver cancer between 1981 and 2010. The incidence of liver cancer was estimated at 7.1 cases per 100,000 population. Mortality rates from chronic liver disease and liver cancer increased substantially over the past 3 decades, with ADRs of 23.7 and 16.6 per 100,000 population in 2010, respectively. The AAPC from 2006 to 2010 demonstrated an increased ADR for chronic liver disease (AAPC, 1.5%; 95% confidence interval, 0.3%‐2.8%) and liver cancer (AAPC, 2.6%; 95% confidence interval, 2.4%‐2.7%). CONCLUSIONS A comprehensive approach that involves primary and secondary prevention, increased access to treatment, and more funding for liver‐related research is needed to address the high death rates associated with chronic liver disease and liver cancer in the United States. Cancer 2014;120:3058–3065. © 2014 American Cancer Society .