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Resumption of high‐dose methotrexate after acute kidney injury and glucarpidase use in pediatric oncology patients
Author(s) -
Christensen Anthony M.,
Pauley Jennifer L.,
Molinelli Alejandro R.,
Panetta John C.,
Ward Deborah A.,
Stewart Clinton F.,
Hoffman James M.,
Howard Scott C.,
Pui ChingHon,
Pappo Alberto S.,
Relling Mary V.,
Crews Kristine R.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.27378
Subject(s) - medicine , methotrexate , nephrotoxicity , antifolate , creatinine , adverse effect , urology , anesthesia , surgery , toxicity , antimetabolite
BACKGROUND: High‐dose methotrexate (HDMTX)‐induced acute kidney injury is a rare but life‐threatening complication. The methotrexate rescue agent glucarpidase rapidly hydrolyzes methotrexate to inactive metabolites. The authors retrospectively reviewed glucarpidase use in pediatric cancer patients at their institution and evaluated whether subsequent resumption of HDMTX was tolerated. METHODS: Clinical data and outcomes of all patients who received glucarpidase after HDMTX administration were reviewed. RESULTS: Of 1141 patients who received 4909 courses of HDMTX, 20 patients (1.8% of patients, 0.4% of courses) received 22 doses of glucarpidase. The median glucarpidase dose was 51.6 U/kg (range, 13‐65.6 U/kg). At the time of administration, the median plasma methotrexate concentration was 29.1 μM (range, 1.3‐590.6 μM). Thirteen of the 20 patients received a total of 39 courses of HDMTX therapy after glucarpidase. The median time to complete methotrexate excretion was 355 hours (range, 244‐763 hours) for the HDMTX course during which glucarpidase was administered, 90 hours (range, 66‐268 hours) for the next HDMTX course, and 72 hours (range, 42‐116 hours) for subsequent courses. The median peak serum creatinine level during these HDMTX courses was 2.2 mg/dL (range, 0.8‐9.6 mg/dL), 0.8 mg/dL (range, 0.4‐1.6 mg/dL), and 0.6 mg/dL (range, 0.4‐0.9 mg/dL), respectively. One patient experienced nephrotoxicity upon rechallenge with HDMTX. Renal function eventually returned to baseline in all patients, and no patient died as a result of methotrexate toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: The current results indicated that it is possible to safely resume HDMTX therapy after glucarpidase treatment for HDMTX‐induced acute kidney injury. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.