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L‐asparaginase treatment in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Author(s) -
Pieters Rob,
Hunger Stephen P.,
Boos Joachim,
Rizzari Carmelo,
Silverman Lewis,
Baruchel Andre,
Goekbuget Nicola,
Schrappe Martin,
Pui ChingHon
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.25489
Subject(s) - asparaginase , medicine , pediatric cancer , escherichia coli , lymphoblastic leukemia , leukemia , cancer , biology , biochemistry , gene
Abstract Asparaginases are a cornerstone of treatment protocols for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and are used for remission induction and intensification treatment in all pediatric regimens and in the majority of adult treatment protocols. Extensive clinical data have shown that intensive asparaginase treatment improves clinical outcomes in childhood ALL. Three asparaginase preparations are available: the native asparaginase derived from Escherichia coli ( E. coli asparaginase), a pegylated form of this enzyme (PEG‐asparaginase), and a product isolated from Erwinia chrysanthemi , ie, Erwinia asparaginase. Clinical hypersensitivity reactions and silent inactivation due to antibodies against E. coli asparaginase, lead to inactivation of E. coli asparaginase in up to 60% of cases. Current treatment protocols include E. coli asparaginase or PEG‐asparaginase for first‐line treatment of ALL. Typically, patients exhibiting sensitivity to one formulation of asparaginase are switched to another to ensure they receive the most efficacious treatment regimen possible. Erwinia asparaginase is used as a second‐ or third‐line treatment in European and US protocols. Despite the universal inclusion of asparaginase in such treatment protocols, debate on the optimal formulation and dosage of these agents continues. This article provides an overview of available evidence for optimal use of Erwinia asparaginase in the treatment of ALL. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.