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Impact of radiation and chemotherapy on risk of dental abnormalities
Author(s) -
Kaste Sue C.,
Goodman Pamela,
Leisenring Wendy,
Stovall Marilyn,
Hayashi Robert J.,
Yeazel Mark,
Beiraghi Soraya,
Hudson Melissa M.,
Sklar Charles A.,
Robison Leslie L.,
Baker K. Scott
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.24670
Subject(s) - medicine , odds ratio , confidence interval , dentition , radiation therapy , logistic regression , dentistry
BACKGROUND: The current study was performed to describe frequencies and risk factors of altered oral health and odontogenesis in childhood cancer survivors. METHODS: In total, 9308 survivors who were diagnosed between 1970 and 1986 and 2951 siblings from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study completed a survey that contained oral‐dental health information. The authors analyzed treatment impact, socioeconomic data, and patient demographics on dental outcomes using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs). RESULTS: In multivariate analysis, survivors were more likely to report microdontia (OR, 3.0; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.4‐3.8), hypodontia (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.4‐2.0), root abnormalities (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 2.2‐4.0), abnormal enamel (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 2.0‐2.9), teeth loss ≥6 (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.9‐3.6), severe gingivitis (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0‐1.5), and xerostomia (OR, 9.7; 95% CI, 4.8‐19.7). Controlling for chemotherapy and socioeconomic factors, radiation exposure of ≥20 Gray to dentition was associated significantly with an increased risk of ≥1 dental abnormality. Dose‐dependent alkylating agent therapy significantly increased the risk of ≥1 anatomic/developmental dental abnormalities in survivors who were diagnosed at age <5 years (OR, 1.7, 2.7, and 3.3 for alkylating agent scores of 1, 2, and 3, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Radiation and chemotherapy were independent risk factors for adverse oral‐dental sequelae among childhood cancer survivors. The authors concluded that patients who received receiving alkylating agents at age <5 years should be closely monitored. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.