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Sex and race in bladder cancer: What we have learned and future directions
Author(s) -
Katz Mark H.,
Steinberg Gary D.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.23997
Subject(s) - medicine , race (biology) , bladder cancer , cancer , public education , cancer survival , oncology , gynecology , economic growth , botany , economics , biology
After controlling for prognostic variables, women and African Americans present with more advanced bladder cancer and have worse cancer‐specific survival than other patient populations. Clinicians must focus on social factors influencing this disparity and on increasing public awareness and education to help standardize the diagnosis and management of bladder cancer for all patients.