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High‐dose interleukin‐2 for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Author(s) -
Klapper Jacob A.,
Downey Stephanie G.,
Smith Franz O.,
Yang James C.,
Hughes Marybeth S.,
Kammula Udai S.,
Sherry Richard M.,
Royal Richard E.,
Steinberg Seth M.,
Rosenberg Steven
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.23552
Subject(s) - medicine , renal cell carcinoma , proportional hazards model , univariate analysis , population , logistic regression , oncology , cancer , multivariate analysis , carcinoma , surgery , gastroenterology , environmental health
BACKGROUND. The treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with high‐dose interleukin‐2 (HD IL‐2) has resulted in durable tumor regression in a minority of patients. The current study presents the authors' 20‐year experience administering this immunotherapeutic agent. METHODS. Patients with metastatic RCC (n = 259) were treated with HD IL‐2 alone from January 13, 1986 through December 31, 2006 at the Surgery Branch of the National Cancer Institute. Potential predictive factors for response and survival, both pretreatment and treatment‐related, were first subjected to univariate analysis and then to multivariate logistic regression or a Cox proportional hazards model. Finally, the authors investigated Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) prognostic factors for survival to assess their predictive value in the patient population in the current study. RESULTS. A total of 23 patients experienced a complete response and 30 patients achieved a partial response, for an overall objective response rate of 20%. All partial responders had developed disease recurrence at the time of last follow‒up, but only 4 complete responders had experienced disease recurrence by that time. Despite toxicities, only 2 patients developed treatment‐related mortalities over this same time period. A higher baseline weight ( P = .05) and MSKCC prognostic factors ( P = .02) were found to be the variables most associated with response. For survival >4 years and overall survival, several pretreatment and treatment‒related factors maintained significance, but none more so than response ( P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS. HD IL‐2 can induce complete tumor regression in a small number of patients, and many patients have experienced extended disease‐free intervals. Given its relative safety, HD IL‐2 should still be considered a first‐line therapy in patients with metastatic RCC who have an overall good performance status. Cancer 2008. Published 2008 American Cancer Society.