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Pretreatment prostate‐specific antigen velocity is associated with development of distant metastases and prostate cancer mortality in men treated with radiotherapy and androgen‐deprivation therapy
Author(s) -
Palma David,
Tyldesley Scott,
Pickles Tom
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.23388
Subject(s) - medicine , androgen deprivation therapy , prostate cancer , hazard ratio , prostatectomy , proportional hazards model , radiation therapy , quartile , oncology , prostate specific antigen , cohort , cancer , confidence interval , biochemical recurrence , urology
BACKGROUND In men with prostate cancer, pretreatment prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) velocity (PSAV) has been demonstrated as a predictor of biochemical and survival outcomes in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). The utility of pretreatment PSAV in predicting outcomes after radiotherapy (RT), with or without androgen‐deprivation therapy (ADT), is less certain. This study was undertaken to determine whether pretreatment PSAV is associated with biochemical disease‐free survival, patterns of recurrence, and survival outcomes in men treated with radiation therapy and ADT. METHODS Two hundred seventy‐seven patients with intermediate‐ and high‐risk prostate cancer treated with RT and ADT formed the study cohort. Kaplan‐Meier survival estimates and Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate whether PSAV was associated with disease outcomes. RESULTS The median age of diagnosis was 70 years, and the median follow‐up was 6.8 years. Men with a PSAV in the highest quartile tended to have higher risk disease at presentation ( P = .028). After adjustment for known prognostic factors and duration of ADT, men who had a PSAV in the highest quartile had an increased risk of distant metastasis (hazard ratio [HR], 4.0; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.61–9.9 [ P = .003]) and prostate cancer‐specific mortality (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.27–5.95 [ P = .01]) compared with men who had a lower PSAV, but had no increase in the risk of local recurrence ( P = .76). CONCLUSIONS A high pretreatment PSAV was associated with distant metastasis and prostate cancer‐specific mortality but not with local recurrence. A high pretreatment PSAV may signify the presence of occult metastatic disease. Randomized trials are needed to determine whether more aggressive intervention is required in men who present with high pretreatment PSAV. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.

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