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Age and gender are significant independent predictors of survival in primary cutaneous melanoma
Author(s) -
Lasithiotakis Konstantinos,
Leiter Ulrike,
Meier Friedegund,
Eigentler Thomas,
Metzler Gizela,
Moehrle Matthias,
Breuninger Helmut,
Garbe Claus
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.23359
Subject(s) - medicine , proportional hazards model , multivariate analysis , prognostic variable , survival analysis , lymph node , statistical significance , melanoma , disease , cancer research
BACKGROUND The aim was to identify age‐ related and gender‐related differences in the clinical presentation and outcome of patients with primary cutaneous melanoma (CM). METHODS A total of 4785 CM patients without clinical evidence of metastasis diagnosed during the period 1976–2001 in southern Germany included in the analysis. Kaplan‐Meier analyses were performed to estimate and to compare disease‐specific survival (DSS) and survival after first recurrence (SAR). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the effect of multiple variables on DSS and SAR. RESULTS Increasing age and male gender were independently associated with thicker tumors (>2 mm) and histologic ulceration ( P < .001). Patients older than 65 years had lower 10‐year DSS than younger patients (81.8% vs 88.4%, P < .001) and this difference was more pronounced in women ( P < .001) than in men ( P = .06). Males had lower 10‐year DSS than females (83.5% vs 88.5%, P < .001) but this difference did not reach statistical significance in patients older than 65 years ( P = .162). In multivariate analysis adjusted for tumor thickness, ulceration, anatomic site, histologic subtype, DSS, site of first recurrence, time trend, sentinel lymph node status, age, and gender were independent predictors of DSS and SAR ( P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Older age and male gender are associated with prognostically unfavorable primary CM. Expansion of current preventive strategies to target these subgroups is warranted. Moreover, age and gender are independent predictors of the outcome of CM patients. Females have a better prognosis than males but this difference disappears after the age of 65. Younger patients have a more favorable prognosis than older patients, a difference more pronounced in women. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.