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An association between glutathione S‐transferase P1 gene polymorphism and younger age at onset of lung carcinoma
Author(s) -
Miller David P.,
Asomaning Kofi,
Liu Geoffrey,
Wain John C.,
Lynch Thomas J.,
Neuberg Donna,
Su Li,
Christiani David C.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/cncr.22124
Subject(s) - gstp1 , genotype , lung cancer , odds ratio , glutathione s transferase , medicine , gastroenterology , oncology , confidence interval , lung cancer susceptibility , restriction fragment length polymorphism , carcinogen , genetics , glutathione , biology , gene , single nucleotide polymorphism , enzyme , biochemistry
Abstract BACKGROUND. Among the genes that encode the glutathione S‐transferase (GST) superfamily of Phase 2 metabolizing enzymes, GSTP1 has the highest expression in the lung. The polymorphic GSTP1 gene encodes glutathione S‐transferase π, which is an enzyme that detoxifies cigarette carcinogens, such as benzo‐[a]‐pyrene. The variant GSTP1 GG genotype is associated with lower enzymatic activity and higher DNA adduct levels in human lymphocytes compared with the AA genotype. METHODS. The authors evaluated the association of GSTP1 genotypes with lung cancer in 1921 cases and 1343 controls of Caucasian descent by using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques. The results were analyzed with multiple logistic regression adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, and pack‐years. To investigate specifically the subset of younger lung cancer patients and controls, the effect of age (either as a dichotomous or continuous variable in separate models) was analyzed as a modifying factor of the association between the GSTP1 polymorphism and lung cancer. RESULTS. The GSTP1 GG genotype was not associated with an overall increased risk of lung cancer (adjusted odds ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.78–1.34) compared with the GSTP1 AA genotype. In both models that evaluated the gene‐age interaction, an overall statistically significant interaction ( P < .01) was observed between age and the GG genotype. However, for the model that included age as a dichotomous variable, the odds ratio of lung cancer risk with the GG genotype compared with the AA among individuals age ≤50 years was 2.67 (95% CI, 1.36–5.22); in older individuals, the risk was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.65–1.2). RESULTS. The GSTP1 GG genotype was associated with increased lung cancer susceptibility among younger study participants. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.