Cyclin E expression is correlated with tumor progression and predicts a poor prognosis in patients with ovarian carcinoma

BACKGROUND Cyclins, cyclin dependent kinases (cdks), and their inhibitors act in combination to regulate progression through the cell cycle and often are dysregulated in carcinoma. The authors hypothesized that cyclin E plays an important role in ovarian carcinogenesis and that its overexpression may be an indicator of a poor prognosis. METHODS Immunohistochemical analysis of cyclin E expression was performed by image analysis in normal ovaries, cystadenomas, tumors of low malignant potential, and 405 primary ovarian carcinomas by using tissue microarray technology. RESULTS Overexpression of cyclin E was found in 63.2% of the samples and was associated with clear cell, poorly differentiated, and serous carcinoma ( P ≤ .001), high‐grade tumors ( P ≤ .001), late‐stage disease ( P = .002), age older than 60 years at the time of diagnosis ( P = .04), and suboptimal cytoreduction ( P = .001). A high percentage of cyclin E‐expressing cells was associated with a poor outcome in univariate and in multivariate analyses. In addition, cyclin E levels also reduced survival in the late‐stage disease group and in patients who underwent suboptimal debulking. CONCLUSIONS Cyclin E was identified as an independent prognostic factor in patients with ovarian carcinoma. The accumulation of cyclin E protein may be a late event in tumorigenesis and may contribute to disease progression in these patients. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.