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Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Steroidal Glycoconjugates as Potential Antiproliferative Agents
Author(s) -
Du Zhichao,
Li Guolong,
Ge Haixia,
Zhou Xiaoyang,
Zhang Jian
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
chemmedchem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.817
H-Index - 100
eISSN - 1860-7187
pISSN - 1860-7179
DOI - 10.1002/cmdc.202000966
Subject(s) - pregnenolone , cytotoxicity , chemistry , cell cycle , steroid , apoptosis , glycoconjugate , ic50 , estrone , dehydroepiandrosterone , stereochemistry , diosgenin , cell cycle checkpoint , cell growth , cell culture , biochemistry , biology , hormone , in vitro , organic chemistry , androgen , genetics
To systematically evaluate the impact of neoglycosylation upon the anticancer activities and selectivity of steroids, four series of neoglycosides of diosgenin, pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone and estrone were designed and synthesized according to the neoglycosylation approach. The structures of all the products were elucidated by NMR analysis, and the stereochemistry of C20‐MeON‐pregnenolone was confirmed by crystal X‐ray diffraction. The compounds′ cytotoxicity on five human cancer cell lines was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, and structure–activity relationships (SAR) are discussed. 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucoside 5 k displayed the most potent antiproliferative activities against HepG2 cells with an IC 50 value of 1.5 μM. Further pharmacological experiments on compound 5 k on HepG2 cells revealed that it could cause morphological changes and cell‐cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and then induced the apoptosis, which might be associated with the enhanced expression of high‐mobility group Box 1 (HMGB1). Taken together, these findings prove that the neoglycosylation of steroids could be a promising strategy for the discovery of potential antiproliferative agents.