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Anthranilamide–Pyrazolo[1,5‐ a ]pyrimidine Conjugates as p53 Activators in Cervical Cancer Cells
Author(s) -
Kamal Ahmed,
Tamboli Jaki R.,
Ramaiah M. Janaki,
Adil S. F.,
Koteswara Rao G.,
Viswanath A.,
Mallareddy Adla,
Pushpavalli S. N. C. V. L.,
PalBhadra Manika
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
chemmedchem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.817
H-Index - 100
eISSN - 1860-7187
pISSN - 1860-7179
DOI - 10.1002/cmdc.201200205
Subject(s) - hela , apoptosis , cytotoxicity , cell cycle checkpoint , cell cycle , chemistry , pyrimidine , mtt assay , conjugate , cancer research , cancer cell , microbiology and biotechnology , cell , cancer , biochemistry , biology , in vitro , mathematical analysis , genetics , mathematics
Abstract A library of new anthranilamide–pyrazolo[1,5‐ a ]pyrimidine conjugates were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anticancer activity in cervical cancer cells such as HeLa and SiHa that possess low levels of p53. All 24 conjugates showed antiproliferative activity, while some of them exhibit significant cytotoxicity. In assays related to cell‐cycle distribution, these conjugates induced G 2 /M arrest in HeLa cells and G 1 cell‐cycle arrest in SiHa cells. Immunocytochemistry assays revealed that these compounds cause nuclear translocation of p53, thereby indicating the activation of p53. In cervical cancer cells, the p53 protein is degraded by E6 oncoprotein. Immunoblot and RT‐PCR analyses proved the presence of mitochondria‐mediated apoptosis with involvement p53 target genes such as BAX, Bcl2, and p21 (CDKI). Moreover, these compounds increased the phosphorylated forms of p53 and provide signals for apoptosis induction. Interestingly, one of the conjugates, (2‐phenyl‐7‐(3,4,5‐trimethoxyphenyl)pyrazolo[1,5‐ a ]pyrimidin‐5‐yl)(4‐(2‐(thiophen‐2‐ylmethylamino)benzoyl)piperazin‐1‐yl)methanone, is the most promising candidate in this series and has the potential to be taken up for further detailed studies.