Water Purification Using Cost Effective Material Prepared from Agricultural Waste: Kinetics, Isotherms, and Thermodynamic Studies

The usage of agricultural waste‐based bio‐adsorbents for the removal of environmental pollutants from water is gaining extensive attention. In this paper, carrot residue (CR) ( Daucus carota L.) was used for the production of activated carbon (AC) via chemical activation with HNO 3 . CR derived activated carbon (CAC) was characterized by various analytical techniques. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area was found to be 17.76 m 2  g −1 . The efficacy of this AC in adsorbing BrO 3 − from water samples was studied at time, pH, temperature, and initial BrO 3 − concentrations by batch studies. The concentration of BrO 3 − was assessed by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐mass tandem spectrometry. A maximum adsorption capacity of 16.66 mg g −1 at 298 K was obtained from the Langmuir isotherms fit. The kinetic data followed closely the pseudo‐first‐order rate kinetic model. The thermodynamic study of BrO 3 − adsorption data showed that the adsorption was feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic in nature. The practical efficacy of CAC was performed for BrO 3 − removal from tap water as well as bottled water samples.