Premium
Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for Preconcentration and Determination of Nickel in Water
Author(s) -
Lemos Valfredo A.,
dos Santos Vieira Emanuel V.,
dos Santos Silva Eldevan,
dos Santos Liz O.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
clean – soil, air, water
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.444
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1863-0669
pISSN - 1863-0650
DOI - 10.1002/clen.201100203
Subject(s) - chromatography , certified reference materials , nickel , disperser , chemistry , detection limit , enrichment factor , atomic absorption spectroscopy , solvent , reagent , solid phase microextraction , ultrapure water , decantation , extraction (chemistry) , wastewater , dithizone , analytical chemistry (journal) , materials science , mass spectrometry , gas chromatography–mass spectrometry , engineering , waste management , physics , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , composite material , nanotechnology
A method for the determination of nickel in water was developed. The procedure involves preconcentration of nickel by using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. The Ni(II) ions were extracted in chloroform in the form of complex with the reagent 2‐(2′‐benzothiazolylazo)‐ p ‐cresol. Ethanol was used as the disperser solvent. After injection of the extracting mixture in a solution of nickel, a cloudy mixture was observed. A quick centrifugation induces phase separation and thus the settling of rich phase. The nickel content in the rich phase is measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection and quantification obtained were 1.4 and 4.7 µg L −1 , respectively. Some parameters used to characterize preconcentration systems, such as enrichment factor and consumption index were calculated and resulted in 29 and 0.34 mL, respectively. After optimization of variables and determination of analytical characteristics, the method was used for the analysis of certified reference materials (BCR‐713: wastewater, effluent and BCR‐414: plankton) and real water samples.