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Pesticide Pollution in Surface‐ and Groundwater by Paddy Rice Cultivation: A Case Study from Northern Vietnam
Author(s) -
Lamers Marc,
Anyusheva Maria,
La Nguyen,
Nguyen Van Vien,
Streck Thilo
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
clean – soil, air, water
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.444
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1863-0669
pISSN - 1863-0650
DOI - 10.1002/clen.201000268
Subject(s) - fenitrothion , pesticide , environmental science , groundwater , dichlorvos , surface water , watershed , paddy field , groundwater pollution , surface runoff , pollution , hydrology (agriculture) , environmental chemistry , environmental engineering , agronomy , aquifer , chemistry , ecology , biology , geotechnical engineering , machine learning , computer science , engineering
This study was designed to examine the environmental exposure of surface‐ and groundwater pollution in remote mountainous regions of northern Vietnam. In 2008, we monitored the loss of four commonly applied pesticides (imidacloprid, fenitrothion, fenobucarb, dichlorvos) from paddy rice farming systems to a receiving stream on the watershed scale and quantified groundwater pollution. For the entire monitoring period, runoff loss of pesticides from the watershed was estimated to range between 0.4% (dichlorvos) and 16% (fenitrothion) of the total applied mass. These losses were correlated well with the octanol–water partition coefficient and water solubility of pesticides ( r 2 = 0.78–0.99). In the groundwater collected from eight wells, all target pesticides were frequently detected. Maximum measured concentrations were 0.47, 0.22, 0.17, and 0.07 µg L −1 for fenitrothion, imidacloprid, fenobucarb, and dichlorvos, respectively. Our results strongly indicate that under the current management practice pesticide use in paddy fields poses a serious environmental problem in mountainous regions of northern Vietnam.