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Analysis of Physical and Chemical Parameters for Discrimination of Water Origin in a Hydroelectric Reservoir
Author(s) -
Barreto Wagner José,
Scarminio Ieda,
Solci Maria Cristina,
Ishikawa Dílson Norio,
Tiemi Ogasawara Melissa,
Nomi Sônia Naomi,
Giancoli Barreto Sônia Regina
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
clean – soil, air, water
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.444
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1863-0669
pISSN - 1863-0650
DOI - 10.1002/clen.200700015
Subject(s) - tributary , environmental science , water quality , hydroelectricity , hydrology (agriculture) , pollutant , potable water , sewage , environmental engineering , geography , geology , chemistry , ecology , cartography , geotechnical engineering , biology , organic chemistry
Seventeen physical and chemical parameters were obtained from a hydroelectric reservoir located in a tropical region in the south of Brazil. Multivariate Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Group Analysis (HGA) were used to identify the parameters discriminating the origin of water from the Tibagi and the Primeiro de Maio River, after it has passed the mixing region. The study was conducted during the dry and rainy seasons in July 2002 and February 2003 at three depths and three sampling sites located 0, 5, and 10 km away from the mixing region. The statistical methods showed to be appropriate for identifying the contribution of each tributary in the water mixing site of a complex water system. The most important discriminating parameter was the absorbance relation A (253 nm)/ A (203 nm), followed by the concentrations of Fe(III), Mn(III), and Ni(II). An anthropogenic interference was found in the reservoir due to high Ni(II) and orthophosphate concentrations caused by a nearby town sewage discharge. The interference was more important during the dry periods due to the lower dispersion of the pollutants. Urgent initiatives should be taken from the state government to build treatment stations for the wastewater of the small cities around the Capivara hydroelectric reservoir to prevent the drinking water quality from deteriorating.