Open AccessAcetylcholine‐ and ergonovine‐induced coronary microvascular spasm reflected by increased coronary vascular resistance and myocardial lactate production
Author(s) -
Horimoto Masashi,
Igarashi Keiich,
Takenaka Takashi,
Inoue Hitoki,
Yamazaki Kohko,
Sakuragi Hitoshi
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
clinical cardiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.263
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1932-8737
pISSN - 0160-9289
DOI - 10.1002/clc.4960230320
Subject(s) - ergonovine , medicine , cardiology , chest pain , vascular resistance , artery , coronary circulation , st elevation , electrocardiography , blood flow , myocardial infarction , hemodynamics , angina
Diagnosis of coronary microvascular spasm remains largely speculative because it has been mostly based on chest pain and electrocardiographic ST‐segment shift with slow filling of contrast medium into the coronary artery. A patient with resting chest pain and normal coronary angiograms underwent provocative tests with intracoronary acetylcholine (ACh) and ergonovine. During the tests, coronary diameter and flow velocity in the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery were measured with quantitative coronary angiography and intracoronary Doppler guide wire, respectively. Vascular resistance of the LAD and lactate production were determined separately. With injections of 100 μg of ACh and 20 μg of ergonovine, chest pain occurred with ST‐segment elevation in the precordial leads in the absence of epicardial coronary spasm. Coronary vascular resistance increased by 2.2‐ and 1.6‐fold of the baseline value with ACh and ergonovine, respectively. Myocardial lactate production was noted during the ST‐segment elevation. Coronary microvascular spasm was verified by the increment in coronary vascular resistance and myocardial lactate production with concomitant ST‐segment elevation in the presence of normal coronary angiograms.