Gender‐Related Mortality and In‐Hospital Complications Following ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Data From a Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Cohort

Background The increased mortality related to female gender in ST ‐segment elevation myocardial infarction ( STEMI ) patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention ( PPCI ) has been reported from various patient cohorts and treatment strategies with controversial results. In the present work, we evaluated the impact of female gender on mortality and in‐hospital complications among a specific subset of consecutive STEMI patients managed solely by PPCI . Hypothesis Female gender is not an independent predicor for mortality among STEMI patients. Methods We performed a retrospective, single‐center observational study that included 1346 consecutive STEMI patients undergoing PPCI , of which 1075 (80%) were male. Patient's records were evaluated for 30‐day mortality, in‐hospital complications, and long‐term mortality over a mean period of 2.7 ± 1.6 years. Results Compared with males, females were older (69 ± 13 vs 60 ± 13 years, P < 0.001), had a significantly higher rate of baseline risk factors, and had prolonged symptom duration (460 ± 815 minutes vs 367 ± 596 minutes, P = 0.03). Females suffered from more in‐hospital complications and had higher 30‐day mortality (5% vs 2%, P = 0.008) as well as higher overall mortality (12.5% vs 6%, P < 0.001). In spite of the significant mortality risk in unadjusted models, a multivariate adjusted Cox regression model did not demonstrate that female gender was an independent predictor for mortality among STEMI patients. Conclusions Among patients with STEMI treated by PPCI , female gender is associated with a higher 30‐day mortality and complications rates compared to males. Following multivariate analysis, female gender was not a significant predictor of long‐term death following STEMI .