Open AccessRisk Factors, Therapeutic Approaches, and In‐Hospital Outcomes in Mexicans With ST ‐Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction: The RENASICA II Multicenter Registry
Author(s) -
JuárezHerrera Úrsulo,
JerjesSánchez Carlos
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
clinical cardiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.263
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1932-8737
pISSN - 0160-9289
DOI - 10.1002/clc.22107
Subject(s) - medicine , killip class , myocardial infarction , cardiogenic shock , cardiology , percutaneous coronary intervention , streptokinase , bundle branch block , stroke (engine) , atrioventricular block , right bundle branch block , reperfusion therapy , tenecteplase , thrombolysis , electrocardiography , mechanical engineering , engineering
Background Ischemic heart disease is a growing health problem in Latin America. We aimed to analyze risk factors, acute management, and short‐term outcome of Mexicans with ST ‐elevation myocardial infarction ( STEMI ). Hypothesis Modifiable risk factors are associated with the occurrence of STEMI in Mexicans, and potentially preventable acute complications are responsible for most short‐term deaths. Methods Among 8600 patients enrolled in Registro Nacional de los Síndromes Coronarios Agudos II ( RENASICA II ) with a suspected acute coronary syndrome, we analyzed 4555 patients (56%; age 21–100 y) with confirmed STEMI who presented within 24 hours from symptoms' onset. Results Smoking (66%), hypertension (50%), and diabetes (43%) were the main risk factors. Most patients (74%) presented with Killip class I (class IV in 4%). Anterior‐located STEMI occurred in 56% of cases, and posterior‐inferior in 40% of cases. Significant Q waves were present in 43%, right bundle branch block in 7%, left bundle branch block in 5%, first‐degree atrioventricular block in 2%, and high‐degree atrioventricular block in 2%. A total of 1685 (37%) patients received fibrinolytic therapy (streptokinase, 82%; alteplase, 17%; tenecteplase, 1%), with 31% of patients receiving therapy in <2 hours, 36% in 2–4 hours, 19% in 4–6 hours, and 15% in >6 hours. Thirty percent of patients received either percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting during hospitalization. Major adverse cardiovascular events were recurrent ischemia (12%), reinfarction (4%), cardiogenic shock (4%), and stroke (1%). The main predictors of 30‐day mortality (10%) in multivariate analysis were age ≥65 years (odds ratio [ OR ]: 2.47, 95% confidence interval [ CI ]: 1.94‐3.13), Killip class IV ( OR : 10.60, 95% CI : 6.09‐18.40), and cardiogenic shock ( OR : 18.76, 95% CI : 10.60‐33.20). Conclusions Largely modifiable risk factors and preventable short‐term complications are responsible for most STEMI cases and outcomes in this Mexican population.