Open AccessGender‐Related Differences in Patients With ST‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Results From the Registry Study of the ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Network Essen
Author(s) -
Hailer Birgit,
Naber Christoph,
Koslowski Bernd,
van Leeuwen Peter,
Schäfer Harald,
Budde Thomas,
Jacksch Rainer,
Sabin Georg,
Erbel Raimund
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
clinical cardiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.263
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1932-8737
pISSN - 0160-9289
DOI - 10.1002/clc.20916
Subject(s) - medicine , myocardial infarction , diabetes mellitus , revascularization , cardiology , mortality rate , disease , endocrinology
Background: The Myocardial Infarction Network Essen was initiated in order to establish a standardized procedure with immediate reopening of the infarcted vessel for patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the city of Essen, Germany. The present study aims to evaluate gender‐related differences in presentation of disease and clinical outcome. Hypothesis: Gender is associated with differences in presentation and outcome of STEMI. Methods: All patients with STEMI were included without exception. Parameters such as risk profile, mortality, and relevant time intervals were documented. The follow‐up period was 1 year. Results: For this study, 1365 patients (72.1% male) were recruited. Women were significantly older, with higher prevalence of diabetes (28.1% vs 20.3%, P = 0.004) and hypertension (76.5% vs 64.8%, P< 0.0005). Analysis of time intervals between symptoms to actions showed no significant differences. However, women tended to wait longer before calling for medical assistance (358 vs 331 min, P = 0.091). In‐hospital mortality was comparable with respect to gender, whereas women had higher 1‐year mortality (18.6% vs 13.2%). Age and diabetes were associated with a higher mortality. Adjusted for age, gender is no longer an independent risk factor. In the follow‐up period, significantly more women were readmitted to the hospital without a difference in the frequency of reangiography, surgery, or target‐vessel revascularization. Conclusions: The present data display a successful implementation of a standardized procedure in patients with STEMI. Although differences between genders are not as obvious as expected, efforts should be taken to perform a gender‐specific risk analysis as well as to promote education about proper behavior in case of new onset of angina. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.