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Multiple Functional Biomass‐Derived Activated Carbon Materials for Aqueous Supercapacitors, Lithium‐Ion Capacitors and Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Author(s) -
Chen Kunfeng,
Xue Dongfeng
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
chinese journal of chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.28
H-Index - 41
eISSN - 1614-7065
pISSN - 1001-604X
DOI - 10.1002/cjoc.201600785
Subject(s) - supercapacitor , activated carbon , chemistry , mesoporous material , lithium (medication) , carbonization , carbon fibers , electrolyte , chemical engineering , inorganic chemistry , electrode , capacitance , materials science , organic chemistry , composite material , adsorption , catalysis , medicine , composite number , engineering , endocrinology
Biomass‐derived activated carbon electrode materials have been synthesized by carbonization and KOH activation processes from an agriculture waste − rice husk, composed of organic compound and silica. The surface area of activated carbon reached 1098.1 m 2 /g mainly including mesopores and macropores due to the template effect of silica in rice husk. Owing to the existence of mesopores and macropores, the as‐obtained activated carbon materials can be used in aqueous supercapacitors, lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) capacitors and lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries. In KOH electrolyte, fast rate performance (as high as 2 V/s) was obtained due to the existence of ideal electrical double layer capacitance. In organic electrolyte, high voltage (2.5 V) was achieved. Activated carbon electrode for Li‐ion capacitor also showed capacity of 17 mAh /g at 100 mA /g with the high voltage range of 2.5 V. The capacities of sulfur‐activated carbon in Li‐S batteries were 1230 and 970 mAh /g at the current densities of 0.1 and 0.2 C. The present results showed that activated carbon materials with mesopores were good host to immobilize polysulfides.