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A General, Highly Efficient Ullmann C‐O Coupling Reaction under Microwave Irradiation and the Effects of Water
Author(s) -
Zhu XinHai,
Chen Gong,
Ma Yan,
Song HuaCan,
Xu ZunLe,
Wan YiQian
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
chinese journal of chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.28
H-Index - 41
eISSN - 1614-7065
pISSN - 1001-604X
DOI - 10.1002/cjoc.200790102
Subject(s) - chemistry , anhydrous , microwave irradiation , halide , aryl , phenols , microwave , coupling reaction , irradiation , ullmann reaction , photochemistry , coupling (piping) , organic chemistry , catalysis , mechanical engineering , alkyl , physics , quantum mechanics , nuclear physics , engineering
A general, rapid and highly efficient method for the synthesis of diaryl ethers under the assistance of microwave irradiation was described. A series of diaryl ethers were prepared by direct coupling of phenols and aryl halides in good to excellent yields in anhydrous DMF or NMP at 150 °C within 20 min. The presence of water was found to have a significant impact on the Ullmann C‐O coupling reaction between aryl halides and phenols under microwave irradiation.