Performance Analysis of Perturbation‐Based Methods for Real‐Time Optimization

This paper provides a comprehensive performance analysis approach for Real‐Time Optimization (RTO) technologies, which incorporates systematic approaches to estimating bounds on the convergence behaviour and performance effects of on‐line experiments used by a given RTO approach. The performance analysis method is illustrated by an investigation of the conventional two‐phase approach and representative techniques drawn from the three main classes of perturbation‐based RTO methods which attempt to directly compensate for plant/model mismatch through adaptation. The proposed approach is applied to two simulation‐based case studies: a heat exchanger system and a continuous bioreactor.