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Heat transfer studies in a climbing film evaporator: Part I. Heat transfer from condensing steam to boiling water
Author(s) -
Gupta A. S.,
Holland F. A.
Publication year - 1966
Publication title -
the canadian journal of chemical engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.404
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1939-019X
pISSN - 0008-4034
DOI - 10.1002/cjce.5450440205
Subject(s) - boiling , thermodynamics , heat transfer , evaporator , heat flux , nucleate boiling , aqueous solution , heat transfer coefficient , tube (container) , chemistry , materials science , mechanics , composite material , heat exchanger , physics
Hard water was concentrated using steam heating in a single tube climbing film evaporator, of length 9 ft. and external diameter 1 inch. The heat flux Q/A in BTU/hr. sq. ft. was found to be related to the feed rate of the water M lb./hr. and its temperature T i °F by the equation Q/A = ψ M 0.6 + 90.3 ( T b – T i ) C p where ψ is a graphically read function of the temperature difference driving force between the condensing steam and the boiling water. The data fit the above equation with a standard deviation of 2.6%. The empirically derived equation for heat flux was also found to represent the data for other aqueous solutions with reasonable accuracy.