Alkalichlorid‐Elektrolyse nach dem Membranverfahren

Alkali chloride electrolysis using the membrane process . Some 300,000 tonnes per year of chlorine are currently produced by the membrane process; the installed capacity will have tripled by 1984; a further increase is certain owing to the advantages of this new process as compared to the mercury and diaphragm processes. After a description of the different ion‐exchange membranes and cell types these advantages of the membrane cell process are elucidated in a comparison with the other two electrolysis processes. Subsequently recent development trends in respect of the membrane cell process are described which concern a further lowering of the energy consumption such as reduction of the hydrogen overvoltage at the cathode, the use of air‐consuming cathodes in the place of the hydrogen‐evolving cathodes, membrane electrolysis under pressure and the SPE process or zero‐gap electrolysis.