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Stereoselective Behavior of the Chiral Herbicides Diclofop‐Methyl and Diclofop During the Soy Sauce Brewing Process
Author(s) -
Lu Yuele,
Zhang Dong,
Liao Yahui,
Diao Jinling,
Chen Xiaolong
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chirality
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.43
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1520-636X
pISSN - 0899-0042
DOI - 10.1002/chir.22545
Subject(s) - brewing , chemistry , aspergillus oryzae , fermentation , food science , metabolite , enantiomer , stereoselectivity , preservative , organic chemistry , catalysis , biochemistry
Chiral pesticides are now receiving more and more attention in the food‐making process. This experiment studied the enantioselective behavior of diclofop‐methyl (DM) and its main metabolite, diclofop (DC), during the soy sauce brewing process. Two kinds of commonly used strains, Aspergillus oryzae and Saccharomyces rouxii , were investigated. However, they showed a different degradation ability to the enantiomers of DM and DC. It was observed that (–)‐(S) ‐DM was degraded much faster than (+)‐(R)‐ DM by Saccharomyces rouxii, while no stereoselective degradation was found by Aspergillus oryzae . DC represented a relatively long residue period in this fermentation process and both strains showed a weak degradation ability to DC, especially Saccharomyces rouxii . There was little DC detected in the final product, while most of the DC residues persisted in the lees, which were usually used as animal feeds or discarded into the environment directly as waste. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the soy sauce brewing process concerning pesticide residues both in the final product and byproducts. Chirality 28:78–84, 2016 . © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.