Premium
Renaissance of Topotactic Ion‐Exchange for Functional Solids with Close Packed Structures
Author(s) -
Gabilondo Eric,
O'Donnell Shaun,
Newell Ryan,
Broughton Rachel,
Mateus Marcelo,
Jones Jacob L.,
Maggard Paul A.
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.202200479
Subject(s) - wurtzite crystal structure , chemical physics , crystallography , phase (matter) , perovskite (structure) , materials science , ion , chemistry , lone pair , nanotechnology , diffusion , molecule , thermodynamics , physics , organic chemistry , hexagonal crystal system
Recently, many new, complex, functional oxides have been discovered with the surprising use of topotactic ion‐exchange reactions on close‐packed structures, such as found for wurtzite, rutile, perovskite, and other structure types. Despite a lack of apparent cation‐diffusion pathways in these structure types, synthetic low‐temperature transformations are possible with the interdiffusion and exchange of functional cations possessing n s 2 stereoactive lone pairs (e. g., Sn(II)) or unpaired n d x electrons (e. g., Co(II)), targeting new and favorable modulations of their electronic, magnetic, or catalytic properties. This enables a synergistic blending of new functionality to an underlying three‐dimensional connectivity, i. e., [‐M−O‐M‐O‐] n , that is maintained during the transformation. In many cases, this tactic represents the only known pathway to prepare thermodynamically unstable solids that otherwise would commonly decompose by phase segregation, such as that recently applied to the discovery of many new small bandgap semiconductors.