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Bismuth‐Oxide‐Decorated Graphene Oxide Hybrids for Catalytic and Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO 2
Author(s) -
Mulik Balaji B.,
Bankar Balasaheb D.,
Munde Ajay V.,
Biradar Ankush V.,
Sathe Bhaskar R.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.202001589
Subject(s) - graphene , oxide , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , catalysis , materials science , bismuth , faraday efficiency , raman spectroscopy , electrolysis , reversible hydrogen electrode , electrocatalyst , formate , high resolution transmission electron microscopy , electrochemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemical engineering , nanotechnology , chemistry , transmission electron microscopy , electrode , working electrode , metallurgy , electrolyte , biochemistry , physics , optics , chromatography , engineering
Abstract Global warming challenges are fueling the demand to develop an efficient catalytic system for the reduction of CO 2 , which would contribute significantly to the control of climate change. Herein, as‐synthesized bismuthoxide‐decorated graphene oxide (Bi 2 O 3 @GO) was used as an electro/thermal catalyst for CO 2 reduction. Bi 2 O 3 @GO is found to be distributed uniformly, as confirmed by scanning electron and transmission electron microscopic analysis. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows that the Bi 2 O 3 has a β‐phase with 23.4 m 2 g −1 BET surface area. Significantly, the D and G bands from Raman spectroscopic analysis and their intensity ratio ( I D / I G ) reveal the increment in defective sites on GO after surface decoration. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis shows clear signals for Bi, C, and O, along with their oxidation states. An ultra‐low onset potential (−0.534 V vs. RHE) for the reduction of CO 2 on Bi 2 O 3 @GO is achieved. Furthermore, potential‐dependent (−0.534, −0.734, and −0.934 vs. RHE) bulk electrolysis of CO 2 to formate provides Faradaic efficiencies (FE) of approximately 39.72, 61.48, and 83.00 %, respectively. Additionally, in time‐dependent electrolysis at a potential of −0.934 versus RHE for 3 and 5 h, the observed FEs are around 84.20 % and 87.17 % respectively. This catalyst is also used for the thermal reduction of CO 2 to formate. It is shown that the thermal reduction provides a path for industrial applications, as this catalyst converts a large amount of CO 2 to formate (10 m m ).