Premium
One Guest or Two? A Crystallographic and Solution Study of Guest Binding in a Cubic Coordination Cage
Author(s) -
Taylor Christopher G. P.,
Argent Stephen P.,
Ludden Michael D.,
Piper Jerico R.,
Mozaceanu Cristina,
Barnett Sarah A.,
Ward Michael D.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201905499
Subject(s) - titration , supramolecular chemistry , chemistry , crystallography , stoichiometry , reactivity (psychology) , molecule , stereochemistry , crystal structure , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology
A crystallographic investigation of a series of host–guest complexes in which small‐molecule organic guests occupy the central cavity of an approximately cubic M 8 L 12 coordination cage has revealed some unexpected behaviour. Whilst some guests form 1:1 H⋅G complexes as we have seen before, an extensive family of bicyclic guests—including some substituted coumarins and various saturated analogues—form 1:2 H⋅G 2 complexes in the solid state, despite the fact that solution titrations are consistent with 1:1 complex formation, and the combined volume of the pair of guests significantly exceeds the Rebek 55±9 % packing for optimal guest binding, with packing coefficients of up to 87 %. Re‐examination of solution titration data for guest binding in two cases showed that, although conventional fluorescence titrations are consistent with 1:1 binding model, alternative forms of analysis—Job plot and an NMR titration—at higher concentrations do provide evidence for 1:2 H⋅G 2 complex formation. The observation of guests binding in pairs in some cases opens new possibilities for altered reactivity of bound guests, and also highlights the recently articulated difficulties associated with determining stoichiometry of supramolecular complexes in solution.