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A Low‐Temperature Approach for the Phase‐Pure Synthesis of MIL‐140 Structured Metal–Organic Frameworks
Author(s) -
Schulz Marcel,
Marquardt Nele,
Schäfer Malte,
Warwas Dawid Peter,
Zailskas Saskia,
Schaate Andreas
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201902981
Subject(s) - metal organic framework , terephthalic acid , physisorption , thermogravimetric analysis , context (archaeology) , materials science , linker , phase (matter) , nanotechnology , chemical engineering , chemistry , organic chemistry , adsorption , computer science , paleontology , polyester , engineering , composite material , biology , operating system
In a systematic investigation, the synthesis of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with MIL‐140 structure was studied. The precursors of this family of MOFs are the same as for the formation of the well‐known UiO‐type MOFs although the synthesis temperature for MIL‐140 is significantly higher. This study is focused on the formation of Zr‐based MIL‐140 MOFs with terephthalic acid (H 2 bdc ), biphenyl‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid (H 2 bpdc ), and 4,4′‐stilbenedicarboxylic acid (H 2 sdc ) and the introduction of synthesis field diagrams to discover parameters for phase‐pure products. In this context, a MIL‐140 network with H 2 sdc as linker molecule is first reported. Additionally, an important aspect is the reduction of the synthesis temperature to make MIL‐140 MOFs more accessible even though linkers with a more delicate nature are used. The solvothermal syntheses were conducted in highly concentrated reaction mixtures whereby a targeted synthesis to yield the MIL‐140 phase is possible. Furthermore, the effect of the often‐used modulator approach is examined for these systems. Finally, the characteristics of the synthesized MOFs are compared with physisorption measurements, thermogravimetric analyses, and scanning electron microscopy.