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Transistor‐Based Work‐Function Measurement of Metal–Organic Frameworks for Ultra‐Low‐Power, Rationally Designed Chemical Sensors
Author(s) -
Gardner David W.,
Gao Xiang,
Fahad Hossain M.,
Yang AnTing,
He Sam,
Javey Ali,
Carraro Carlo,
Maboudian Roya
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201902483
Subject(s) - work function , adsorption , materials science , metal organic framework , transistor , scalability , work (physics) , field effect transistor , nanotechnology , chemical sensor , function (biology) , metal , power (physics) , optoelectronics , computer science , chemistry , electrical engineering , physics , electrode , organic chemistry , voltage , database , biology , layer (electronics) , quantum mechanics , evolutionary biology , thermodynamics , engineering , metallurgy
A classic challenge in chemical sensing is selectivity. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are an exciting class of materials because they can be tuned for selective chemical adsorption. Adsorption events trigger work‐function shifts, which can be detected with a chemical‐sensitive field‐effect transistor (power ≈microwatts). In this work, several case studies were used towards generalizing the sensing mechanism, ultimately towards our metal‐centric hypothesis. HKUST‐1 was used as a proof‐of‐principle humidity sensor. The response is thickness independent, meaning the response is surface localized. ZIF‐8 is demonstrated to be an NO 2 ‐sensing material, and the response is dominated by adsorption at metal sites. Finally, MFM‐300(In) shows how standard hard–soft acid–base theory can be used to qualitatively predict sensor responses. This paper sets the groundwork for using the tunability of metal–organic frameworks for chemical sensing with distributed, scalable devices.