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Polyfunctionalised Nanoparticles Bearing Robust Gadolinium Surface Units for High Relaxivity Performance in MRI
Author(s) -
Chabloz Nicolas G.,
Wenzel Margot N.,
Perry Hannah L.,
Yoon IlChul,
Molisso Susannah,
Stasiuk Graeme J.,
Elson Daniel S.,
Cass Anthony E. G.,
WiltonEly James D. E. T.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemistry – a european journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.687
H-Index - 242
eISSN - 1521-3765
pISSN - 0947-6539
DOI - 10.1002/chem.201901820
Subject(s) - gadolinium , nanoparticle , biocompatibility , folate receptor , hela , nanotechnology , colloidal gold , materials science , peg ratio , chemistry , biophysics , combinatorial chemistry , cancer cell , in vitro , organic chemistry , cancer , biochemistry , medicine , finance , economics , biology
The first example of an octadentate gadolinium unit based on DO3A (hydration number q =1) with a dithiocarbamate tether has been designed and attached to the surface of gold nanoparticles (around 4.4 nm in diameter). In addition to the superior robustness of this attachment, the restricted rotation of the Gd complex on the nanoparticle surface leads to a dramatic increase in relaxivity ( r 1 ) from 4.0 m m −1 s −1 in unbound form to 34.3 m m −1 s −1 (at 10 MHz, 37 °C) and 22±2 m m −1 s −1 (at 63.87 MHz, 25 °C) when immobilised on the surface. The one‐pot synthetic route provides a straightforward and versatile way of preparing a range of multifunctional gold nanoparticles. The incorporation of additional surface units for biocompatibility (PEG and thioglucose units) and targeting (folic acid) leads to little detrimental effect on the high relaxivity observed for these non‐toxic multifunctional materials. In addition to the passive targeting attributed to gold nanoparticles, the inclusion of a unit capable of targeting the folate receptors overexpressed by cancer cells, such as HeLa cells, illustrates the potential of these assemblies.